# Konverter penyimpanan data

> Konversi GB ke MB, TB ke GB, dan GiB ke GB dengan membedakan prefiks desimal (kB, MB, GB, TB) dan biner (KiB, MiB, GiB, TiB), serta bit dan byte.

Versi interaktif: https://www.calcopenly.com/id/conversion/data-storage-converter
Topik: Konverter satuan

Data sizes use two sets of prefixes. The decimal ones follow the SI: 1 kB = 1,000 bytes, 1 MB = 10⁶ and 1 GB = 10⁹ bytes. The binary ones, approved by the IEC in December 1998 and now part of IEC 80000-13, step by 1,024: 1 KiB = 1,024 bytes, 1 MiB = 2²⁰ and 1 GiB = 2³⁰ bytes. A byte is 8 bits, and every conversion between these units is exact.

The default converts 1 GiB to 1,073.741824 MB. The same gap explains why a new drive looks smaller: a 1 TB drive holds 10¹² bytes, which software counting in binary units shows as 931.32 GiB, often labelled “931 GB”.

The gap grows with each prefix: 2.4% at kilo, 7.37% at giga, 9.95% at tera and 20.9% at yotta. Memory chips come in powers of two, so RAM sizes are binary even when written GB, while drive makers and network speeds use decimal prefixes.

## Masukan

- **Nilai**: Angka dalam satuan asal, atau angka yang disertai satuannya sendiri
- **Dari** (pilihan: bit, nibble, byte (B), kilobyte (kB), megabyte (MB), gigabyte (GB), terabyte (TB), petabyte (PB), exabyte (EB), zettabyte (ZB), yottabyte (YB), kibibyte (KiB), mebibyte (MiB), gibibyte (GiB), tebibyte (TiB), pebibyte (PiB), exbibyte (EiB), zebibyte (ZiB), yobibyte (YiB), kilobit (kbit), megabit (Mbit), gigabit (Gbit), terabit (Tbit), kibibit (Kibit), mebibit (Mibit))
- **Ke** (pilihan: bit, nibble, byte (B), kilobyte (kB), megabyte (MB), gigabyte (GB), terabyte (TB), petabyte (PB), exabyte (EB), zettabyte (ZB), yottabyte (YB), kibibyte (KiB), mebibyte (MiB), gibibyte (GiB), tebibyte (TiB), pebibyte (PiB), exbibyte (EiB), zebibyte (ZiB), yobibyte (YiB), kilobit (kbit), megabit (Mbit), gigabit (Gbit), terabit (Tbit), kibibit (Kibit), mebibit (Mibit))

## Hasil

- Nilai hasil konversi — hasil utama
- Konversi
- Faktor konversi
- Ketepatan

## Rumus

$$
\begin{gathered} x_{\text{to}} = x_{\text{from}} \times \dfrac{f_{\text{from}}}{f_{\text{to}}} \\ f = \text{one unit expressed in } \text{bit} \end{gathered}
$$

## Contoh penyelesaian

### 1 GiB in MB

- Nilai: 1 GiB
- Dari: gibibyte (GiB)
- Ke: megabyte (MB)
- **Nilai hasil konversi: 1,073.741824 MB**
- **Ketepatan: Eksak**
- Sumber pemeriksaan: 2³⁰ bytes = 1,073,741,824 bytes (IEC 80000-13); ÷ 10⁶

### A 1 TB drive in GiB

- Nilai: 1 TB
- Dari: terabyte (TB)
- Ke: gibibyte (GiB)
- **Nilai hasil konversi: 931.322574615 GiB**
- Sumber pemeriksaan: 10¹² / 2³⁰ = 244140625/262144, a terminating decimal (Python fractions)

### 1 KiB in kB

- Nilai: 1 KiB
- Dari: kibibyte (KiB)
- Ke: kilobyte (kB)
- **Nilai hasil konversi: 1.024 kB**
- Sumber pemeriksaan: 1024 bytes / 1000 bytes

### Largest gap: 1 YiB in YB

- Nilai: 1 YiB
- Dari: yobibyte (YiB)
- Ke: yottabyte (YB)
- **Nilai hasil konversi: 1.20892581961 YB**
- Sumber pemeriksaan: 2⁸⁰ / 10²⁴ = 1.208925819614629174706176 exactly (Python fractions)

### 1 byte in bits

- Nilai: 1 B
- Dari: byte (B)
- Ke: bit
- **Nilai hasil konversi: 8 bit**
- Sumber pemeriksaan: 1 byte = 8 bits (IEC 80000-13)

## Pertanyaan

### Why does my 1 TB drive show only 931 GB?

Because the maker and the operating system count differently. The drive's 1 TB is 10¹² bytes; Windows divides by 2³⁰ and shows 931.32 while labelling it GB. Nothing is missing, since 10¹² ÷ 1,073,741,824 = 931.32; formatting and recovery partitions take a little more. macOS has counted in decimal since OS X 10.6 and shows the same drive as 1 TB.

### Is 1 GB 1,000 MB or 1,024 MB?

Under the SI and IEC 80000-13, 1 GB is exactly 1,000 MB (10⁹ bytes), and the binary unit is 1 GiB = 1,024 MiB (2³⁰ bytes). Drive makers and macOS use the decimal meaning; RAM and Windows use the binary one while writing GB. The “1.44 MB” floppy disk mixed the two: 1,440 × 1,024 bytes.

### How many bits are in a byte?

Eight. IEC 80000-13 defines the byte as 8 bits, also called an octet. File sizes are counted in bytes (B) and network speeds in bits per second (bit/s), so a 100 Mbit/s connection moves at most 12.5 MB per second; a capital B marks bytes.

### What is a GiB?

A gibibyte, 2³⁰ = 1,073,741,824 bytes. The IEC created the binary prefixes kibi, mebi, gibi and tebi so that kilo, mega and giga could keep their SI meanings of 10³, 10⁶ and 10⁹. Many Linux tools and technical specifications use GiB; Windows shows the same quantity labelled GB.

### How many GB are in 1 TB?

1,000 GB in decimal units, which is how drives are sold. In binary units 1 TiB is 1,024 GiB, and a decimal 1 TB is 931.32 GiB. The converter keeps TB, TiB, GB and GiB separate, so you can see that 1 TiB is 1,099.51 GB, about 10% more than 1 TB.

### Seberapa akurat “Konverter penyimpanan data”?

Akurasi bergantung pada masukan dan asumsi metode. Aritmetika desimal memakai 50 digit signifikan, tetapi perkiraan, metode numerik dan data sumber bisa kurang presisi; pembulatan yang ditampilkan tidak menghilangkan batasan itu. Contoh penyelesaian yang diperiksa dengan sumber independen: 5. Misalnya, “1 GiB in MB” diperiksa dengan 2³⁰ bytes = 1,073,741,824 bytes (IEC 80000-13); ÷ 10⁶.

### Dari mana metode ini berasal?

NIST SP 811 (2008), Guide for the Use of the SI, Appendix B — conversion factors; NIST Handbook 44, Appendix C — General tables of units of measurement; NIST — Prefixes for binary multiples (IEC 80000-13).

## Sumber

- [NIST SP 811 (2008), Guide for the Use of the SI, Appendix B — conversion factors](https://www.nist.gov/pml/special-publication-811)
- [NIST Handbook 44, Appendix C — General tables of units of measurement](https://www.nist.gov/pml/owm/nist-handbook-44-current-edition)
- [NIST — Prefixes for binary multiples (IEC 80000-13)](https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/binary.html)