# Blood sugar converter (mg/dL to mmol/L)

> Glucose from mg/dL to mmol/L and back, and HbA1c to estimated average glucose (eAG) and IFCC mmol/mol, with ADA categories.

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Glucose converts between units through its molar mass: 1 mmol/L is 18.016 mg/dL (180.16 g/mol ÷ 10), which many meters and tables round to 18. HbA1c converts to estimated average glucose (eAG) with the ADAG regression, eAG in mg/dL = 28.7 × A1c − 46.7, and to IFCC units in mmol/mol with the NGSP–IFCC master equation. Results are placed in the American Diabetes Association (ADA) categories.

People use it to read results reported in the other unit, such as a US meter against a UK lab report. 100 mg/dL is 5.55 mmol/L, the fasting level where ADA's prediabetes range begins, and an HbA1c of 7 % corresponds to an eAG of 154 mg/dL (8.6 mmol/L) and 53 mmol/mol.

The categories are population thresholds for laboratory tests confirmed by repeat testing, not for a single meter reading. eAG is a regression estimate (R² = 0.84 in the 507-person ADAG study), so an individual's measured average can differ, and anaemia or haemoglobin variants can distort HbA1c.

## 입력

- **단위 변환** (선택 항목: Glucose mg/dL → mmol/L, Glucose mmol/L → mg/dL, HbA1c → estimated average glucose, Estimated average glucose → HbA1c)
- **Glucose**
- **Glucose**
- **HbA1c**: NGSP/DCCT percent, as reported in the US.
- **Estimated average glucose**
- **Average glucose unit** (선택 항목: mg/dL, mmol/L)
- **mg/dL per mmol/L** (선택 항목: 18.016, 18)

## 결과

- 결과 — 주요 결과
- Unit of the result
- Estimated average glucose (mmol/L) (mmol/L)
- HbA1c (IFCC) (mmol/mol)
- If this is a fasting reading (ADA)
- HbA1c category (ADA)

## 공식

$$
\text{mg/dL} = \text{mmol/L} \times 18.016 \qquad \text{eAG}_{\text{mg/dL}} = 28.7 \times \text{A1c} - 46.7 \qquad \text{IFCC} = \frac{\text{A1c} - 2.152}{0.09148}
$$

## 계산 예제

### Boundary: 100 mg/dL → mmol/L

- 단위 변환: Glucose mg/dL → mmol/L
- Glucose: 100 mg/dL
- **결과: 5.55 mmol/L**
- **If this is a fasting reading (ADA): Prediabetes**
- 검증 출처: Python 3.8 decimal: 100 / 18.016 = 5.5506; ADA fasting 100–125 mg/dL is prediabetes

### 7.0 mmol/L → mg/dL with factor 18

- 단위 변환: Glucose mmol/L → mg/dL
- Glucose: 7.0 mmol/L
- mg/dL per mmol/L: 18
- **결과: 126 mg/dL**
- **If this is a fasting reading (ADA): Diabetes range**
- 검증 출처: NGSP eAG table pairs 126 mg/dL with 7.0 mmol/L (factor 18); ADA fasting ≥ 126 mg/dL is diabetes range

### 7.0 mmol/L → mg/dL with factor 18.016

- 단위 변환: Glucose mmol/L → mg/dL
- Glucose: 7.0 mmol/L
- **결과: 126.11 mg/dL**
- 검증 출처: Python 3.8 decimal: 7.0 × 18.016 = 126.112

### HbA1c 7% → eAG

- 단위 변환: HbA1c → estimated average glucose
- HbA1c: 7%
- **결과: 154.2 mg/dL**
- **HbA1c (IFCC): 53 mmol/mol**
- **Estimated average glucose (mmol/L): 8.6 mmol/L**
- **HbA1c category (ADA): Diabetes range**
- 검증 출처: NGSP table: 7% ↔ 154 mg/dL, 8.6 mmol/L, 53 mmol/mol; ADAG 28.7 × 7 − 46.7 = 154.2

### Boundary: HbA1c 5.7%

- 단위 변환: HbA1c → estimated average glucose
- HbA1c: 5.7%
- **결과: 116.89 mg/dL**
- **HbA1c category (ADA): Prediabetes**
- 검증 출처: Python 3.8 decimal: 28.7 × 5.7 − 46.7 = 116.89; ADA A1c 5.7–6.4% is prediabetes

### eAG 126 mg/dL → HbA1c

- 단위 변환: Estimated average glucose → HbA1c
- Estimated average glucose: 126
- Average glucose unit: mg/dL
- **결과: 6.02 %**
- **HbA1c (IFCC): 42 mmol/mol**
- 검증 출처: Python 3.8 decimal: (126 + 46.7) / 28.7 = 6.0174; (6.0174 − 2.152) / 0.09148 = 42.25. NGSP table: 6% ↔ 126 mg/dL, 42 mmol/mol

## 자주 묻는 질문

### How do you convert mg/dL to mmol/L?

Divide by 18, or 18.016 exactly, from glucose's molar mass of 180.16 g/mol; to go from mmol/L to mg/dL, multiply. So 100 mg/dL is 5.55 mmol/L and 7.0 mmol/L is 126 mg/dL. The US mostly reports glucose in mg/dL, while the UK, Canada and Australia use mmol/L. The factor applies only to glucose; cholesterol and other substances have their own factors.

### What is a normal blood sugar level?

For a fasting test, ADA classes below 100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) as normal, 100–125 mg/dL (5.6–6.9 mmol/L) as prediabetes and 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) or more, confirmed by repeat testing, as diabetes. Two hours into a 75 g glucose tolerance test the cut-offs are 140 and 200 mg/dL (7.8 and 11.1 mmol/L). For people treated for diabetes, ADA calls a reading below 70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L) level 1 hypoglycaemia and below 54 mg/dL (3.0 mmol/L) level 2.

### What does an HbA1c of 7 % mean?

It corresponds to an estimated average glucose of 154 mg/dL (8.6 mmol/L) over roughly the previous three months, by the ADAG equation 28.7 × 7 − 46.7, and to 53 mmol/mol in IFCC units. ADA's diagnostic threshold for diabetes is 6.5 % (48 mmol/mol), and below 7 % is the goal ADA suggests for many non-pregnant adults with diabetes, adjusted to the individual.

### What HbA1c level is prediabetes?

From 5.7 % to below 6.5 % (39 to 47 mmol/mol) in the ADA criteria, with 6.5 % (48 mmol/mol) or higher, confirmed, in the diabetes range. By the ADAG equation, 5.7 % corresponds to an average glucose of 117 mg/dL (6.5 mmol/L) and 6.5 % to 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L). HbA1c can mislead in anaemia, pregnancy, after blood loss or transfusion, and with some haemoglobin variants.

### “Blood sugar converter (mg/dL to mmol/L)”의 정확도는 어느 정도인가요?

정확도는 입력값과 계산 방법의 가정에 따라 달라집니다. 십진 연산은 유효숫자 50자리를 사용하지만, 추정값·수치해석 방법·원본 데이터의 정밀도는 더 낮을 수 있습니다. 표시값을 반올림해도 이러한 한계는 사라지지 않습니다. 독립적인 출처의 풀이와 대조한 계산 예시: 7. 예를 들어 “Boundary: 100 mg/dL → mmol/L”은 Python 3.8 decimal: 100 / 18.016 = 5.5506; ADA fasting 100–125 mg/dL is prediabetes와 대조해 확인합니다.

### 이 계산 방법의 출처는 무엇인가요?

Nathan DM et al. Translating the A1C assay into estimated average glucose values. Diabetes Care 2008;31(8):1473–1478; NGSP — HbA1c and estimated average glucose (eAG) table; NGSP — IFCC standardization of HbA1c (master equation); American Diabetes Association. Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025, sections 2 (diagnosis) and 6 (glycemic goals and hypoglycemia). Diabetes Care 2025;48(Suppl 1).

## 출처

- [Nathan DM et al. Translating the A1C assay into estimated average glucose values. Diabetes Care 2008;31(8):1473–1478](https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article/31/8/1473/28589/Translating-the-A1C-Assay-Into-Estimated-Average)
- [NGSP — HbA1c and estimated average glucose (eAG) table](https://ngsp.org/A1ceAG.asp)
- [NGSP — IFCC standardization of HbA1c (master equation)](https://ngsp.org/ifccngsp.asp)
- [American Diabetes Association. Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025, sections 2 (diagnosis) and 6 (glycemic goals and hypoglycemia). Diabetes Care 2025;48(Suppl 1)](https://diabetesjournals.org/care/issue/48/Supplement_1)

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