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RMD calculator (required minimum distribution)

Calculate your required minimum distribution from the IRS Uniform Lifetime or joint table, your RMD starting age (73 or 75), and future RMDs.

更新日 検証済みの例：8

years
$
Your spouse is the only beneficiary all year and more than 10 years younger, so the joint table applies
%
Used only to project future balances and RMDs
その他の設定
years
試す
Required minimum distribution
$
Required minimum distribution: $20,325.20
小数点以下の桁数：2；最も近い値へ、等距離なら末尾が偶数の値へ
Distribution period
24.6
Share of the balance
4.07%
IRS table used
Uniform Lifetime (Table III)
Deadline
December 31, 2026
RMD starting age
73 (born 1951 to 1959)
First RMD year
2024
Total of projected RMDs
$858,275.41

For 2026 you must withdraw at least $20,325.20: $500,000.00 divided by 24.6, the Uniform Lifetime period for age 75. At 5% a year, RMDs through age 100 add up to $858,275.41.

Required minimum distribution by age

$0$10K$20K$30K$40K7580859095100AgeUS dollars

Projected account balance

$0$200K$400K7580859095100AgeUS dollars
Projected RMDs 行数：26
年年齢Distribution periodBalance Dec 31 prior year最低必要引出額（RMD）Balance Dec 31
20267524.6$500,000.00$20,325.20$504,674.80
20277623.7$504,674.80$21,294.30$508,614.24
20287722.9$508,614.24$22,210.23$511,834.72
20297822$511,834.72$23,265.21$514,161.25
20307921.1$514,161.25$24,367.83$515,501.48
20318020.2$515,501.48$25,519.88$515,756.68
20328119.4$515,756.68$26,585.40$514,959.11
20338218.5$514,959.11$27,835.63$512,871.44
20348317.7$512,871.44$28,975.79$509,539.23
20358416.8$509,539.23$30,329.72$504,686.47
計算方法 S

  1. RMD starting age

    Born in 1951, so RMDs start at 73 (born 1951 to 1959), per 26 CFR 1.401(a)(9)-2(b)(2).

  2. Distribution period

    d(75)=24.6d(75) = 24.6

    Uniform Lifetime Table, age 75 (26 CFR 1.401(a)(9)-9(c); Publication 590-B Table III), in effect since 2022.

  3. RMD for 2026

    RMD=500,000.0024.6=20,325.20\text{RMD} = \frac{500{,}000.00}{24.6} = 20{,}325.20

  4. Share of the balance

    124.6=4.07%\frac{1}{24.6} = 4.07\%

  5. Next year's balance

    Bnext=B(1+0.05)−RMDB_{\text{next}} = B(1 + 0.05) - \text{RMD}

    Each later year divides the new December 31 balance by the next age's period, with the spouse one year older too.

RMD calculator (required minimum distribution)について

A required minimum distribution is last year's December 31 account balance divided by the distribution period for your age this year. The period comes from the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table, or from the Joint and Last Survivor Table when your spouse is the sole beneficiary and more than 10 years younger, which gives a longer period and a smaller RMD. Both are the tables in 26 CFR 1.401(a)(9)-9 that apply from 2022, reprinted in IRS Publication 590-B.

With the defaults, a 75-year-old with $500,000 on December 31, 2025 divides by 24.6 and must withdraw $20,325.20 in 2026, 4.07% of the balance. At a 5% return the projection then shows each year's RMD to age 100.

Under SECURE 2.0, RMDs start at 73 for people born 1951 to 1959 and at 75 for those born 1960 or later. Roth IRAs need no RMDs while the owner is alive.

計算例

Publication 590-B: age 75, $100,000, spouse 6 years younger

Distribution year
2026
Your age on your birthday this year
75 years
Account balance on December 31 last year
100,000
Younger spouse is sole beneficiary
いいえ
Expected return (per year)
5%
Required minimum distribution
4,065.00
Distribution period
24.6
IRS table used
Uniform Lifetime (Table III)

照合元：IRS Publication 590-B (2025), Table III example: $100,000 ÷ 24.6 = $4,065

Publication 590-B: age 75, spouse 64 and sole beneficiary

Distribution year
2026
Your age on your birthday this year
75 years
Account balance on December 31 last year
100,000
Younger spouse is sole beneficiary
はい
Spouse's age on their birthday this year
64 years
Expected return (per year)
5%
Required minimum distribution
3,953.00
Distribution period
25.3
IRS table used
Joint and Last Survivor (Table II)

照合元：IRS Publication 590-B (2025), Table II example: $100,000 ÷ 25.3 = $3,953

Publication 590-B Justin example: 73 in 2025, $38,400

Distribution year
2025
Your age on your birthday this year
73 years
Account balance on December 31 last year
38,400
Younger spouse is sole beneficiary
いいえ
Expected return (per year)
5%
Required minimum distribution
1,449.06
Distribution period
26.5
Deadline
April 1, 2026 (first RMD)

照合元：IRS Publication 590-B (2025): $38,400 ÷ 26.5 (the IRS rounds it to $1,450); first-year deadline April 1 of the next year

Age 120: the last row of the table

Distribution year
2026
Your age on your birthday this year
120 years
Account balance on December 31 last year
10,000
Younger spouse is sole beneficiary
いいえ
Expected return (per year)
5%
Project until age
120 years
Required minimum distribution
5,000.00
Distribution period
2.0
Total of projected RMDs
5,000.00

照合元：26 CFR 1.401(a)(9)-9(c): distribution period 2.0 at 120 and over

よくある質問

How is an RMD calculated?

Divide the account balance on December 31 of last year by the distribution period for the age you reach this year. IRS Publication 590-B's example: a $100,000 IRA balance at the end of 2025 and age 75 in 2026 gives a period of 24.6 from the Uniform Lifetime Table, so the 2026 RMD is $100,000 ÷ 24.6 = $4,065.

At what age do RMDs start?

73 if you were born from 1951 to 1959, and 75 if you were born in 1960 or later, under SECURE 2.0 as written into 26 CFR 1.401(a)(9)-2. The first RMD can wait until April 1 of the following year, but then two RMDs fall in that year. In a 401(k) you may be able to delay until you retire if you still work for the employer.

When do I use the Joint Life and Last Survivor Table?

Only when your spouse is the sole beneficiary of the account for the whole year and is more than 10 years younger than you. Publication 590-B's example: at 75 with a 64-year-old spouse the period is 25.3 instead of 24.6, so the RMD on $100,000 falls from $4,065 to $3,953. Everyone else uses the Uniform Lifetime Table.

What is the penalty for missing an RMD?

An excise tax of 25% of the amount you should have withdrawn and did not, cut to 10% if you take the shortfall within two years, according to the IRS. Missing a $20,000 RMD therefore costs $5,000, or $2,000 when corrected in time. You cannot count extra withdrawals from one year toward the next year's RMD.

Do RMDs apply to Roth IRAs and Roth 401(k)s?

Not while the owner is alive. The IRS states that no withdrawals are required from Roth IRAs, or from designated Roth accounts in a 401(k) or 403(b), during the owner's lifetime. Beneficiaries who inherit a Roth account do have to take distributions under the rules for inherited accounts.

「RMD calculator (required minimum distribution)」の精度はどのくらいですか？

精度は入力値と計算方法の前提に依存します。十進演算には有効数字50桁を使いますが、推定、数値計算手法、元データの精度はそれより低い場合があります。表示の丸め処理でこれらの制約がなくなるわけではありません。 独立した出典の解答と照合した計算例：8。 例えば、「Publication 590-B: age 75, $100,000, spouse 6 years younger」はIRS Publication 590-B (2025), Table III example: $100,000 ÷ 24.6 = $4,065と照合しています。

この計算方法の出典は何ですか？

26 CFR 1.401(a)(9)-9: Uniform Lifetime and Joint and Last Survivor tables (from 2022); 26 CFR 1.401(a)(9)-2(b)(2): applicable age by date of birth; IRS Publication 590-B (2025), Appendix B tables II and III and worked examples; IRS: Retirement topics — Required minimum distributions; Proposed rule 2024-14543 (Federal Register, 19 July 2024): applicable age 73 for people born in 1959.

この計算機について

RMDy=By−1d(agey),By=By−1(1+r)−RMDy\text{RMD}_y = \frac{B_{y-1}}{d(\text{age}_y)},\qquad B_y = B_{y-1}(1+r) - \text{RMD}_y

出典

  1. 26 CFR 1.401(a)(9)-9: Uniform Lifetime and Joint and Last Survivor tables (from 2022)
  2. 26 CFR 1.401(a)(9)-2(b)(2): applicable age by date of birth
  3. IRS Publication 590-B (2025), Appendix B tables II and III and worked examples
  4. IRS: Retirement topics — Required minimum distributions
  5. Proposed rule 2024-14543 (Federal Register, 19 July 2024): applicable age 73 for people born in 1959

計画の参考用です。金融機関、税務当局、市場は独自の丸め方、手数料、規則を適用します。契約などの前に該当機関へ金額を確認してください。

出典と照合済み

この計算機には、独立した出典の解答を使った計算例が 8 件あります。テストに組み込まれており、ここでも実行できます。

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