CalcOpenly
English

Fence calculator

Fence calculator: posts, rails, pickets and bags of concrete for a straight fence run, from its length, post spacing, picket width and gap.

Drafted with AI writing toolsUpdated Checked examples: 4

Two for fences up to about 4 ft, three for 6 ft privacy fences.
0 for a closed privacy fence.
%
More options
A 4 × 4 post is 3½ in square; a 6 × 6 is 5½ in.
About three times the post width.
Quikrete: dig ⅓ to ½ of the post's above-ground height plus 6 in for a gravel base, and stop the concrete 3–4 in below ground. Enter the depth that gets concrete.
Try
Posts
posts
Posts: 14 posts
Whole number; Toward positive infinity
Sections
13
Rails
26rails
Pickets
252pickets
Concrete for posts
16.11ft³ / 456.2L
Concrete bags
27bags

A 100 ft run with posts every 8 ft needs 14 posts, 26 rails and 252 pickets. Setting the posts takes 16.1 ft³ of concrete, 27 bags of 80 lb.

Fence plan

100 ft8 ft14 posts, 13 sections
How it's calculated S
  1. Sections and posts

    ⌈1008⌉=13 sections⇒14 posts\left\lceil \frac{100}{8} \right\rceil = 13\ \text{sections} \Rightarrow 14\ \text{posts}

    Rounded up; a straight run has one more post than sections. The last section is 4 ft.

  2. Rails

    13×2=2613 \times 2 = 26
  3. Pickets

    1,200 in3.5+1.5×1.05=252⇒252\frac{1{,}200\ \text{in}}{3.5 + 1.5} \times 1.05 = 252 \Rightarrow 252

    Each picket takes its own width plus one gap. Rounded up.

  4. Concrete per post

    (π×52−3.52)×30=1,988.69449 in3=1.150865 ft3\left(\pi \times 5^2 - 3.5^2\right) \times 30 = 1{,}988.69449\ \text{in}^3 = 1.150865\ \text{ft}^3

    The hole volume minus the part of the post inside it.

  5. Bags

    ⌈1.150865×140.6⌉=27\left\lceil \frac{1.150865 \times 14}{0.6} \right\rceil = 27

    Rounded up to whole bags; yield per 80 lb bag from Quikrete/Sakrete data sheets.

About the fence calculator

A straight fence has one more post than it has sections, and sections are the length divided by the post spacing, rounded up. Rails are sections × rails per section. Pickets are the length divided by one picket width plus one gap, with a margin for spares. Concrete per post is the hole's cylinder minus the square post inside it, times the concrete depth.

The default 100 ft run with posts 8 ft apart has 13 sections, 14 posts, 26 rails and 252 pickets 3½ in wide with 1½ in gaps. Setting the posts in 10 in holes with 30 in of concrete takes 16.1 ft³, or 27 bags of 80 lb mix at Quikrete's 0.60 ft³ per bag.

For an L-shaped or enclosed fence, run the calculator once per straight side and subtract one post for each shared corner.

How to calculate fence posts, rails and pickets

Round the run length ÷ post spacing up to whole sections; posts are one more than sections, rails are sections × rails per section, and pickets are length ÷ (picket width + gap). An 80 ft run at 8 ft spacing has 10 sections, 11 posts and 20 rails at two a section.

Fence materials step by step

  1. Sections: 100 ft ÷ 8 ft = 12.5, rounded up to 13.
  2. Posts: one more than the sections, so 14.
  3. Rails: 13 sections × 2 rails = 26.
  4. Pickets: 1,200 in ÷ (3.5 + 1.5 in) = 240, plus 5% spares = 252.
  5. Concrete per post: (π × 5² − 3.5²) × 30 = 1,988.7 in³, or 1.151 ft³, in a 10 in hole around a 3½ in post.
  6. Bags: 14 posts × 1.151 = 16.11 ft³, and 16.11 ÷ 0.60 ft³ per 80 lb bag = 26.9, so 27 bags.

Rounding up leaves twelve 8 ft sections and one of 4 ft. Spacing the same 14 posts evenly instead puts them 100 ÷ 13 = 7.69 ft apart, about 7 ft 8.3 in.

Corners and gates

Count each straight side on its own, then subtract one post for every corner the sides share. An L-shaped fence with two 50 ft sides at 8 ft spacing has 8 posts per side, 15 in all.

A gate splits a side into two runs, each ending at a gate post. Count the two runs separately, leaving out the opening, and add the gate and its hardware on top.

Concrete for fence posts

Concrete per post is the hole's cylinder minus the square post: (π × D² ÷ 4 − a²) × h, with D the hole diameter, a the post width and h the concrete depth. Divide cubic inches by 1,728 for cubic feet.

Quikrete's post-setting guide sizes the hole at three times the post width. Its depth is ⅓ to ½ of the post's height above ground, plus 6 in for a gravel base.

The concrete stops 3–4 in below ground, so h is the depth that gets concrete, not the whole hole.

The post's diagonal, a × √2, must be smaller than the hole. A 3½ in post has a 4.95 in diagonal; an 8 in post has an 11.31 in diagonal and cannot fit a 10 in hole.

The Quikrete Concrete Mix data sheet gives yields of 0.30, 0.375, 0.45 and 0.60 ft³ for 40, 50, 60 and 80 lb bags. The 16.11 ft³ above is 27 bags of 80 lb, 36 of 60 lb or 54 of 40 lb.

Kilogram bags are estimated at the same yield per pound: about 0.33 ft³ for 20 kg, 0.41 ft³ for 25 kg and 0.50 ft³ for 30 kg. Check the yield printed on the product you buy.

Posts, pickets and bags for five fences

"Default" is the 100 ft run worked above. "Exact sections" is the 80 ft run, and "One section" is a single 8 ft section with no spare pickets.

"Closed privacy" is 50 ft of 5½ in boards with no gap or spares, three rails, and 5½ in posts in 12 in holes with 36 in of concrete.

"Metric run" is 30 m at 2.4 m spacing with three rails, 90 mm pickets and 30 mm gaps, and 90 mm posts in 250 mm holes with 60 cm of concrete, set with 50 lb bags.

ScenarioPostsPicketsConcrete bags
Default14.000000252.00000027.000000
Exact sections11.000000202.00000022.000000
One section2.00000020.0000004.000000
Closed privacy8.000000110.00000024.000000
Metric run14.000000263.00000033.000000

Fence estimating mistakes

  • Dividing the length by the spacing for posts. 100 ÷ 8 rounds up to 13, but a run with 13 sections needs 14 posts.
  • Using a nominal picket width. Measure the picket: a nominal 4 in board is 3½ in wide when dressed.
  • Buying bags hole by hole. Each 10 in hole around a 3½ in post needs 1.92 bags of 80 lb, so rounding per hole buys 28 bags where the shared total is 27.

Inputs worth a second look

  • Post width is the actual size: 3½ in for a 4 × 4 and 5½ in for a 6 × 6.
  • The extra percentage applies to pickets only, never to posts, rails or concrete.

Total the lumber for posts, rails and pickets with the board foot calculator. For footings of other shapes, use the concrete calculator.

Worked examples

100 ft run, 8 ft spacing, 3½ in pickets with 1½ in gaps

Fence length
100 ft
Post spacing
8 ft
Rails per section
2
Picket width
3.5 in
Gap between pickets
1.5 in
Extra pickets
5%
Concrete bag
80 lb (0.60 ft³)
Sections
13
Posts
14 posts
Rails
26 rails
Pickets
252 pickets
Concrete for posts
16.11 ft³
Concrete bags
27 bags

Checked against: ⌈100/8⌉ = 13 sections, 14 posts; 1200 in ÷ 5 in = 240 × 1.05 = 252; (π·5² − 3.5²) × 30 in³ × 14 = 16.11 ft³ ÷ 0.6 = 26.9 → 27

Edge: 80 ft divides into whole 8 ft sections

Fence length
80 ft
Post spacing
8 ft
Rails per section
2
Picket width
3.5 in
Gap between pickets
1.5 in
Extra pickets
5%
Concrete bag
80 lb (0.60 ft³)
Sections
10
Posts
11 posts
Rails
20 rails

Checked against: Hand calculation: 80 ÷ 8 = 10 sections exactly, one more post than sections

Metric 30 m run, 2.4 m spacing, three rails

Fence length
30 m
Post spacing
2.4 m
Rails per section
3
Picket width
90 mm
Gap between pickets
30 mm
Extra pickets
5%
Post width (actual)
90 mm
Post hole diameter
250 mm
Concrete depth in each hole
600 mm
Concrete bag
50 lb (0.375 ft³)
Posts
14 posts
Rails
39 rails
Pickets
263 pickets
Concrete for posts
344.3 L
Concrete bags
33 bags

Checked against: 12.5 → 13 sections; 30000 ÷ 120 = 250 × 1.05 = 262.5 → 263; (π·125² − 90²) × 600 mm³ × 14 = 344.3 L ÷ 0.375 ft³

Closed privacy fence, no gap

Fence length
50 ft
Post spacing
8 ft
Rails per section
3
Picket width
5.5 in
Gap between pickets
0 in
Extra pickets
0%
Post width (actual)
5.5 in
Post hole diameter
12 in
Concrete depth in each hole
36 in
Concrete bag
80 lb (0.60 ft³)
Posts
8 posts
Pickets
110 pickets
Concrete bags
24 bags

Checked against: 600 in ÷ 5.5 = 109.1 → 110; (π·6² − 5.5²) × 36 × 8 posts = 13.81 ft³ ÷ 0.6 → 24

Questions

How many fence posts do I need?

One more than the number of sections. Divide the fence length by the post spacing and round up to get sections, then add 1: a 100 ft run at 8 ft spacing is 12.5, rounded up to 13 sections and 14 posts, with a last section of 4 ft. For a fence with corners, count each side separately and subtract one post for every shared corner.

How deep should fence posts be set?

Quikrete's guide says to dig one third to one half of the post's above-ground height, plus 6 in for a gravel base, and to make the hole three times the post's width. A post standing 6 ft out of the ground needs a 30–42 in hole, 10½ in wide for a 3½ in 4 × 4. For load-bearing posts, Quikrete refers you to local building codes.

How many bags of concrete do I need per fence post?

Divide the concrete in each hole by the bag's yield. A 10 in hole with 30 in of concrete around a 4 × 4 post holds 1.15 ft³. Quikrete's data sheet gives 0.60 ft³ per 80 lb bag of Concrete Mix, 0.45 ft³ per 60 lb and 0.30 ft³ per 40 lb, so that post takes 2 bags of 80 lb, 3 of 60 lb or 4 of 40 lb.

How many pickets do I need for a fence?

Divide the fence length by one picket's width plus the gap. For 100 ft (1,200 in) of 3½ in pickets with 1½ in gaps that is 1,200 ÷ 5 = 240, or 252 with 5% extra for splits and cuts. A closed privacy fence of 5½ in boards with no gap needs 1,200 ÷ 5.5 = 218.2, so 219 boards before any extra.

How long before a concrete fence post can take weight?

With Quikrete Concrete Mix, which is mixed with water before it goes in the hole, the data sheet says to wait 24 hours before the post is subjected to any strain. Quikrete's fast-setting concrete is poured dry into the hole, then water is added, and it sets in 20 to 40 minutes.

About this calculator

posts=⌈Ls⌉+1,pickets=⌈Lwp+g(1+extra)⌉,Vpost=(πD24−a2)h\text{posts} = \left\lceil \frac{L}{s} \right\rceil + 1,\quad \text{pickets} = \left\lceil \frac{L}{w_p + g}(1 + \text{extra}) \right\rceil,\quad V_{\text{post}} = \left(\pi \tfrac{D^2}{4} - a^2\right) h

Sources

  1. Quikrete — setting posts in concrete (hole 3× post width, depth ⅓–½ of the above-ground height plus 6 in of gravel)
  2. Quikrete Concrete Mix (No. 1101) data sheet — bag yields 40 lb 0.30, 60 lb 0.45, 80 lb 0.60 ft³

Checked against references

This calculator includes 4 worked examples with independently sourced answers. They run in the test suite, and you can run them here too.

Put this calculator on your site

Paste this where you want the calculator to appear. It is free to use, it stays in step with corrections made here, and the credit line below it links back so your readers can find the full version.

Height
Preview the embed

Keep the credit line. It is the only condition, and it is what keeps these calculators free.