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Unit price comparison calculator

Unit price calculator: compare up to four pack sizes by price per kg, litre, 100 g, ounce or item to see which is cheapest and by how much.

Drafted with AI writing toolsUpdated Checked examples: 5

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$
Try
Lowest unit price
$per kg
Lowest unit price: $5.990 per kg
Decimal places: 3; Nearest, ties to even
Cheapest
Item 2
Unit
per kg
Saving against the dearest
14.18%
Item 1 unit price
$6.980per kg
Item 2 unit price
$5.990per kg

Item 2 is cheapest at 5.99 per kg, 14.18% less than the most expensive option.

Price per kg

Item 16.98Item 25.99
Price per kg Rows: 2
ItemPackPricePer kgDearer by
1500 g$3.496.9816.53 %
21 kg$5.995.990 %
How it's calculated S
  1. Item 1

    3.490.5=6.98\frac{3.49}{0.5} = 6.98

    The result is a price per kg. 500 g = 0.5 kg.

  2. Item 2

    5.991=5.99\frac{5.99}{1} = 5.99

    The result is a price per kg. 1 kg = 1 kg.

  3. Saving against the dearest

    6.98−5.996.98×100=14.18%\frac{6.98 - 5.99}{6.98} \times 100 = 14.18\%

    In the formula, P_i is a pack price, Q_i its quantity expressed in the comparison basis, u_i its unit price, and S the percentage saving against the highest unit price.

About the unit price comparison calculator

Unit price is the price divided by the size, after every pack is converted to the same unit: per kg or litre, per 100 g or 100 mL, per ounce or fluid ounce, or per item for goods sold by count. For the same product, the pack with the lowest unit price is the cheapest, and the saving is measured against the dearest pack.

With the defaults, 500 g for 3.49 costs 6.98 per kg and 1 kg for 5.99 costs 5.99 per kg, so the larger pack is 14.18% cheaper per kilogram. Packs can be entered in different units: grams, kilograms, ounces and pounds are converted with 1 oz = 28.349523125 g exactly.

Only packs sold by the same kind of measure can be compared, since weight cannot be turned into volume without the product's density. A lower unit price saves money only if you use the larger pack before it spoils.

How to calculate unit price

Divide each price by its quantity, with every pack in the same unit. A 1.5 L bottle for 2.40 costs 2.40 ÷ 1.5 = 1.60 per liter; a 500 mL bottle for 0.75 costs 0.75 ÷ 0.5 = 1.50. The small bottle wins: three of them hold 1.5 L for 2.25.

Converting pack sizes to one unit

Put every pack in the same unit before dividing. These factors are exact:

  • 1 kg = 1,000 g, and 1 L = 1,000 mL
  • 1 oz = 28.349523125 g, and 1 lb = 16 oz = 453.59237 g
  • 1 US fl oz = 29.5735295625 mL
  • 1 US gallon = 128 US fl oz = 3.785411784 L

Take 16 oz for 4.50 against 500 g for 3.20. Sixteen ounces is 453.59237 g, so the first pack costs 4.50 ÷ 0.45359237 = 9.92 per kg. The second costs 3.20 ÷ 0.5 = 6.40 per kg, which is 35.49% cheaper.

Saving vs premium: two percentages for one price gap

The saving divides the gap by the higher unit price. With 500 g for 3.49 (6.98 per kg) against 1 kg for 5.99 (5.99 per kg), the 1 kg pack saves (6.98 − 5.99) ÷ 6.98 = 14.18%.

Divide the same gap by the lower price and you get the premium: the 500 g pack costs (6.98 − 5.99) ÷ 5.99 = 16.53% more per kilogram. Both figures are right; they answer different questions.

Multipacks and multibuy offers

Use the total quantity the price buys. Six 250 mL cans for 3.00 hold 1,500 mL, so they cost 2.00 per liter. Dividing the six-pack price by one can's 250 mL gives 12.00 per liter, six times too high.

Price a multibuy as the whole deal. Three 400 g packs at 2.70 each, sold as 3 for 2, are 1.2 kg for 5.40: 4.50 per kg instead of 6.75.

Unit price examples

ScenarioItem 1 unit priceItem 2 unit priceSaving, %
Default6.9800005.99000014.183381
Ounce basis0.1978800.16981414.183381
Mixed mass packs9.9208026.40000035.489085
Egg counts0.2500000.2300008.000000
Equal liquids2.0000002.0000000.000000

Default is the 500 g against 1 kg pair above, priced per kg, and ounce basis prices the same pair per ounce. Mixed mass packs is the 16 oz against 500 g example, per kg.

Egg counts is 12 for 3.00 against 30 for 6.90, per egg. Equal liquids is 1 L for 2.00 against 500 mL for 1.00, a tie at 2.00 per liter. The first two rows show that changing the unit rescales both prices but leaves the saving at 14.18%.

Common mistakes

  • Comparing weight with volume. Ounces measure weight and fluid ounces measure volume. Converting one to the other needs the product's density, so compare packs sold by the same kind of measure.
  • Mixing US and UK measures. A UK pint is 568.26125 mL and a UK gallon is 4.54609 L, both larger than their US namesakes. Enter UK sizes in mL or L.
  • Trusting shelf tags with different bases. One tag may show a price per 100 g and the next per kg, or per ounce and per pound. Convert before comparing.
  • Treating extra charges unevenly. Decide whether a bottle deposit or a delivery fee belongs in the price, then treat every pack the same way.

What to enter

  • Up to four packs, all sold by weight (g, kg, oz, lb), by volume (mL, L, US fl oz, US gal) or by count.
  • The price for the full quantity you entered, in one currency, with any discount already taken off.
  • A comparison basis: per kg or L, per 100 g or 100 mL, or per oz or fl oz. Counted goods are always priced per item.
  • With three or four packs, the saving compares the cheapest with the dearest.

Shelf-label unit prices

The ACCC's unit-pricing guidance explains how a standard measure helps Australian shoppers compare similar products.

In the US, the Uniform Unit Pricing Regulation in NIST Handbook 130 is a model regulation that states can adopt. Where it applies, stores that show unit prices must use the same unit for every size of a product.

Use the discount calculator to work out a sale price before comparing packs, and the ounces to grams converter for a single size conversion. The recipe scaler shows how much of an ingredient a bigger batch needs.

Worked examples

500 g for 3.49 against 1 kg for 5.99

Items to compare
2
Compare price
Per kg / L
Item 1 price
3.49
Item 1 size
500
Item 1 unit
g
Item 2 price
5.99
Item 2 size
1
Item 2 unit
kg
Item 1 unit price
6.980 per kg
Item 2 unit price
5.990 per kg
Cheapest
Item 2
Saving against the dearest
14.18%

Checked against: 3.49/0.5 = 6.98 per kg; (6.98 − 5.99)/6.98 = 14.18%

Per ounce, mixing grams and kilograms

Items to compare
2
Compare price
Per oz / fl oz
Item 1 price
3.49
Item 1 size
500
Item 1 unit
g
Item 2 price
5.99
Item 2 size
1
Item 2 unit
kg
Item 1 unit price
0.198 per oz
Item 2 unit price
0.170 per oz

Checked against: With 1 oz = 28.349523125 g (NIST): 3.49/(500/28.349523125)

16 oz for 4.50 against 500 g for 3.20

Items to compare
2
Compare price
Per kg / L
Item 1 price
4.50
Item 1 size
16
Item 1 unit
oz
Item 2 price
3.20
Item 2 size
500
Item 2 unit
g
Item 1 unit price
9.921 per kg
Item 2 unit price
6.400 per kg
Cheapest
Item 2
Saving against the dearest
35.49%

Checked against: 4.50/(16 × 0.028349523125 kg) = 9.92080…

Eggs: 12 for 3.00 against 30 for 6.90

Items to compare
2
Compare price
Per kg / L
Item 1 price
3.00
Item 1 size
12
Item 1 unit
items
Item 2 price
6.90
Item 2 size
30
Item 2 unit
items
Lowest unit price
0.230 per item
Item 1 unit price
0.250 per item
Item 2 unit price
0.230 per item
Saving against the dearest
8.00%

Checked against: Hand calculation: 3/12 = 0.25, 6.90/30 = 0.23; 0.02/0.25 = 8%

Questions

How do you calculate unit price?

Divide the price by the quantity in the unit you want to compare. A 500 g pack at 3.49 is 3.49 ÷ 0.5 = 6.98 per kg, or 3.49 ÷ 5 = 0.698 per 100 g. Convert every pack to the same unit first; setting a price per ounce against a price per 100 g gives the wrong answer.

Is the bigger pack always cheaper per unit?

No. Promotions on small sizes and multipacks can reverse the usual bulk discount, so check the unit price each time. In the eggs example, 30 for 6.90 is 0.23 an egg against 0.25 for a dozen at 3.00, an 8% saving; a half-price offer on the dozen would make it the better buy at 0.125 an egg.

What units do shelf labels use for unit prices?

In the US, the Uniform Unit Pricing Regulation in NIST Handbook 130, which states can adopt, requires stores that show unit prices to use one unit for every size of a product: per kilogram, 100 g, pound or ounce for goods sold by weight; per litre, 100 mL, gallon, quart, pint or fluid ounce for liquids; per item for counted goods. EU Directive 98/6/EC sets the unit price, including VAT, per kilogram, litre, metre, square metre or cubic metre.

How many grams are in an ounce?

28.349523125 grams exactly, because the avoirdupois ounce is 1/16 of the international pound of 0.45359237 kg; NIST SP 811 lists the factor. A US fluid ounce measures volume, 29.5735295625 mL, so a price per ounce and a price per fluid ounce can only be compared if you know the product's density.

About this calculator

ui=PiQiS=umax⁡−umin⁡umax⁡×100\begin{gathered}u_i = \frac{P_i}{Q_i} \\ S = \frac{u_{\max} - u_{\min}}{u_{\max}} \times 100\end{gathered}

Sources

  1. NIST Handbook 130 — Uniform Unit Pricing Regulation
  2. NIST SP 811 — exact conversion factors (1 oz = 28.349523125 g)

Checked against references

This calculator includes 5 worked examples with independently sourced answers. They run in the test suite, and you can run them here too.

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